Typical RTS games do not have those types of features because random disasters and events are actually very annoying and the random nature makes it unfair.
Also they slow down matches and you can’t do anything about it so the novelty gets really old real fast.
That’s why the typical RTS games that are focused on combat usually do not have those things outside of campaigns.
An exception is day/night cycle since it usually isn’t too intrusive and it isn’t random, I’m sure anyone who played Wc3 (2002) is aware that it is a thing and it actually is in AoE2 in campaign.
I actually remember it in Dark Colony, a very obscure RTS game from 1997 where humans and aliens had preferred day time.
But lets talk about the type of strategy games where these events already are present.
In the economy focused games, city builders, 4X games, grand strategies and in RTS campaigns.
Basically in games where development is more expanded and where resource management is the main feature instead of combat, or in games where the scope is much larger than a small skirmish between few tiny villages.
These games are usually turn based, really long or single player so randomness isn’t game breaking, though natural disasters are still just annoying and I turn those off if I can.